Awirilikalo tile 20 san 2023, Ameriki sigida lakanani baarada (EPA) y’a jira ko sariya dɔ bɔra min bɛna kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariyasen 6nan (a) ye min bɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw kɛlɛli sariya (TSCA) kɔnɔ, min bɛ kuloridi mɛtilɛni tali fanba bali. EPA y’a jira ko a ka faratiw jateminɛni dikuloromɛtan na, min tɛ dalilu sɔrɔ, o sababu bɔra faratiw la minnu bɛ baarakɛlaw, baarakɛlaw tɛ minnu na (ONU), feerekɛlaw, ani minnu ka surun baarakɛlaw ka baara la. Lamini lakanani baarada y’a jira ko farati bɛ hadamadenw ka kɛnɛyako juguw la minnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ kuloridi mɛtilɛni fiyɛli ni fari tali fɛ, i n’a fɔ farikolojidɛsɛ, nɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sugunɛ na, ani kansɛri. EPA y’a jira k’a ka faratiw kunbɛnni sariya min labɛnna, o bɛna “dɔgɔya teliya la” kuloridi metilɛni sɔrɔli, a baaracogo n’a tilatilali la, ka kɛɲɛ ni mɔgɔw ka baarakɛcogo bɛɛ ye ani izini ni jago siratigɛ la, minnu fanba bɛna kɛ ka ɲɛ kalo 15 kɔnɔ. EPA y’a jira ko dikulorometan baara fanba la, a bɛna a ɲini ka a bali. Sɛgɛsɛgɛliw y’a jira ko dikulorometan nɔnabila wɛrɛw bɛ sɔrɔ caman na minnu musaka ni u nafa bɛ ɲɔgɔn ta. Ni sariya min latigɛra, o bɔra Fɛderasiyɔn ka sɛbɛn kɔnɔ, tile 60 ɲɛfɔli waati bɛna daminɛ.
Sariyasen bolodalen dɔ kɔnɔ, min bɛ TSCA sigida 6(b) kɔnɔ, EPA y’a jira ko kuloridi mɛtilɛni bɛ se ka joginni farati lase kɛnɛya ma, musaka walima fɛn wɛrɛ minnu tɛ farati ye, olu mana kɛ cogo o cogo, farati min tɛ se ka kɛ cogoyaw tali la (COU) o la, mɔgɔ minnu jirala ko u bɛ se ka kɛ walima minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka kuloridi mɛtilɛni farati jateminɛ san 2020 kɔnɔ. Walasa ka faratiw bɔ yen minnu tɛ se ka kɛ, EPA bɛ ladilikan di, ka kɛɲɛ ni TSCA sigida 6(a) ye:
EPA b’a jira ko TSCA ka COU bɛɛ minnu bɛ dikulorometan na (n’a ma kɛ a kɛli ye mɔgɔw ka pentiw ni penti bɔlanw na, minnu bɛ baara kɛ u danma TSCA sigida 6nan kɔnɔ (84 Fed. Reg. 11420, Marisikalo tile 27, san 2019)) bɛ nin labɛn in kɔnɔ. EPA ka fɔ la, TSCA bɛ COUw ɲɛfɔ iko ko minnu bɛ makɔnɔ, minnu bɛ dɔn, walima minnu bɛ se ka ye, minnu bɛ kɛ ni kemikɛlifɛn dɔ bɛ dilan, ka baara kɛ, ka tilatila, ka baara kɛ ni a ye, walima ka fili jago kama. EPA bɛ ka jamanadenw ɲininka u ka hakilinaw di o hakilina in fan caman kan.
EPA ka kunnafonisɛbɛn dɔ y’a jira ko EPA ye lajɛ kɛ ni baarakɛlaw ka lakana ni kɛnɛyako ɲɛmɔgɔso (OSHA) ye sariya labɛnni na “ani ka OSHA ka wajibiw jateminɛ minnu bɛ sen na baarakɛlaw lakanani labɛnni na.”. wajibiyalenw walasa ka faratiw bɔ yen minnu tɛ se ka kɛ. Baarakɛlaw bɛna san kelen sɔrɔ ka WCPP labato EPA ye faratiw kunbɛnni sariya labanw bɔlen kɔfɛ, wa a bɛna ɲini u fɛ u k’u ka baarakɛyɔrɔw kɔlɔsi tuma bɛɛ walasa baarakɛlaw kana kuloridi metilɛni sɔrɔ, o min bɛ se ka kɛ farati ye min tɛ se ka kɛ.
EPA “b’a ɲini jama fɛ u ka sariya sugandilen in lajɛ ani k’u ka hakilinaw di.” EPA y’a jira k’a “kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, a b’a fɛ ka jɛkuluw ka hakilinaw mɛn minnu ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka porogaramu sugandilen in waleya baarakɛlaw lakanani wajibiyalenw kɛcogo n’u nafa kan.” EPA, a bɛna webinar da wulilen dɔ kɛ baarakɛlaw ni baarakɛlaw ye dɔgɔkun nataw la, “nka nafa bɛna kɛ a la mɔgɔ o mɔgɔ bolo min bɛ sariyasunba fɛɛrɛ sugandilenw lajɛba ɲini walasa ka baro kɛ labɛnw kan minnu labɛnna.”. .
Bergeson & Campbell, PC (B&C®) bɛ EPA ka metilɛni kuloridi kɛlɛli fɛɛrɛ sugandilenw ɲɛsincogo fɔ ani kɔlɔsili sugandilibaw. EPA ka sariyasun min labɛnna, o bɛ bɛn a ka ladilikanw ma minnu bɛ kirizotili faratiw kunbɛnni sariyasun bolodalen kɔnɔ, i n’a fɔ sariyasunba fɛɛrɛ minnu latigɛra walasa ka baarakɛcogo bali, sariyasen jɔnjɔnw minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ka baara kɛ waati dantigɛlen na TSCA sigida 6(g) kɔnɔ (misali la, jamana lakanani ni fɛnsɔrɔsiraw kɔrɔlenw) ani ka dantigɛli kɛ sisan kemikɛlifɛnw tali dancɛw (ECEL) minnu bɛ baarakɛlaw ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw tali danw duguma kosɛbɛ sisan. Jɛ la, an bɛ ko damadɔw lajɛ, minnu ka kan ka jateminɛ sigida labɛnni na, n’u bɛ foroba hakilinaw labɛn sariyasun bolodalenw kan, ani ka bɛɛ hakili jigin ko a nafa ka bon ka baara kɛ ni EPA ye joona, fɛɛrɛw la minnu tɛ sariya kɔnɔ, walasa ka kunnafoniw di sariyasunba baara kan, ko kɛlenw kɔnɔ. Sariyasenw, TSCA fana sen bɛ o la.
Ni an y’a jateminɛ ko EPA ka politiki siratigɛ kura ye “kemikɛli kuuru” fɛɛrɛ ye, an tɛ kabakoya k’a ye ko EPA ka sariyasunba fɛɛrɛ min latigɛra, o ye ka “dikulorometan baara fanba bali iziniw ni jago siratigɛ la.”. Nka, EPA bɛ sariyasunba dɔ di walasa ka sira di baarakɛcogo dagalen dɔw ma minnu labɛnna, olu ka taa ɲɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni WCPP labatoli ye. An b’o fɔ bawo TSCA sigida 6nan (a) b’a fɔ ko EPA ka kan ka “sɛgɛsɛgɛliw waleya walasa ka faratiw bɔ yen minnu tɛ se ka kɛ, fo ka se hakɛ min ma walasa furakisɛ walima o ɲagaminen kana kɛ o farati suguw ye tugun.” Ni WCPP ni ECEL bɛ kɛnɛya ni sigida lakana, i n’a fɔ EPA y’a lafasa cogo min na, a bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ dankarili kɛli baarakɛcogo dɔw la, o bɛ tɛmɛ “degree of necessity” sariya kan. Hali ni WCPP ye lakanani ye, dankarili min bɛ senna ka ɲɛsin mɔgɔw ka baara ma, o bɛnnen don hali bi bawo a bɛ se ka kɛ ko feerekɛlaw tɛ se ka lakana sariyaw labatoli jira ani ka sɛbɛnw kɛ WCPP kɔnɔ. Faan wɛrɛ fɛ, ni baarakɛyɔrɔ bɛ se ka WCPP ka sariyaw labatoli jira ani k’u sɛbɛn, o tuma na, a ka c’a la, o baara sugu ka kan ka to ka sɔn.
WCPP ka wajibiw hukumu kɔnɔ, EPA y’a jira ko a bɛna a ɲini ka “laboratuwari kɛcogo ɲuman [GLP] 40 CFR Part 792′′ labato.O wajibi bɛ sɔsɔ ni baarakɛyɔrɔ kɔlɔsili cɛsiri fanba ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni Industrial Hygiene Laboratory Accreditation Program (IHLAP) sariyaw ye.EPA ka jigiya GLP sɛgɛsɛgɛli la baarakɛyɔrɔ kɔlɔsili kama, o bɛ bɛn sɛgɛsɛgɛli yamaruya ma min bɔra san 2021, nka a tɛ a ka sɔnni yamaruya sariyalen ye Misali la, EPA TSCA Siginiden 5(e) yamaruyasɛbɛn bɛ ninnu ɲɛfɔ Sigida III.D kɔnɔ:
Nka. walima o ɲɔgɔnna porogaramu wɛrɛ min sɔnna sɛbɛn fɛ EPA fɛ.
EPA ye hakilinaw ɲini sariyasun in yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kan, B&C b’a fɔ ko mɔgɔ minnu bɛ se ka tɔɔrɔ sɔrɔ, olu ka jateminɛ kɛ o la. Misali la, EPA bɛ ka baro kɛ fanga kan min bɛ TSCA sigida 6(g) kɔnɔ, n’o ye ka waati dantigɛlenw bila baarakɛcogo dɔw la i n’a fɔ awiyɔn siwili, wa EPA b’a fɔ ko ni sariya minnu fɔra, olu labatoli bɛna “fɛn tiɲɛ kosɛbɛ...fɛnsɔrɔko gɛlɛnw.”. “An y’a kɔlɔsi ko nin yafa in bɛna kɛ WCPP labatoli ye O cogo kelen na, ni WCPP ye lakanani ye ani ni yɔrɔ in bɛ se ka WCPP labato (misali la, ECEL min tɛ kansɛri ye tuma bɛɛ, o ye 2 tila miliyɔn kelen na (ppm) ani waati kunkurunnin kɔnɔ a tali dan (STEL) 16 tila miliyɔn kelen na), a bɛ iko o waati bɛ tɛmɛ kɛnɛyako ni sigida lakanani wajibiyalenw kan An dalen b’a la ko dankarili bɛna kɛ ni lakanafɛnw bɛ kɛ ni a ma se ka faratiw ɲɛnabɔ ani dankarili bɛna kɛ sababu ye ka seko ni dɔnko gɛlɛnw tiɲɛ kosɛbɛ (misali la, lafasali, sanfɛla, fɛnsɔrɔsiraw, a bɛ iko fɛɛrɛ dɔ bɛ yen min bɛ tali kɛ Erɔpu tɔnba ka sariyasun na, min bɛ tali kɛ fɛn faratilenw na hali ni lakana fɛɛrɛw bɛ se ka diya bɛɛ ye, nka a bɛ se ka diya an bɛɛ ye hakilina, a tɛ EPA sigida 6nan ka cikan dafa.
EPA bɛ san 2022 sɛbɛn dɔ fɔ min tɔgɔ ye ko « Evaluation des alternatives à l’utilisation de dichlorométhane » (sɛbɛn ɲɛ 40 sariya sugandilen kɔnɔ) sariya sugandilen bɛɛ kɔnɔ. Ka da nin jateminɛ in kan, EPA y’a jira ko a “ye fɛnw jira minnu kɔnɔfɛnw bɛ sɔrɔ minnu kɔnɔ, farati sɛgɛsɛgɛli hakɛ dɔw bɛ minnu laban na, minnu ka dɔgɔn ni dikulorometan ye ani fɛn dɔw minnu ka farati sɛgɛsɛgɛli hakɛ ka bon ni dikulorometan ye (ref. 40)”. Nin ɲɛfɔli in kɛtuma na, EPA ma nin sɛbɛn in bila sariyaw sigicogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli sɛbɛn kɔnɔ, wa EPA ma a bila a ka kɛnɛyako ni sigida ɲinini (HERO) kunnafonidilan kan ɛntɛrinɛti kan. Ni sɛbɛn in kɔnɔkow ma sɛgɛsɛgɛ, a tɛ se ka kɛ ka fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw bɛnnenw jateminɛ baarakɛcogo kelen-kelen bɛɛ la. Fɛn minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ka penti bɔ, olu tɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ furajiw, i n’a fɔ minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔ nɔgɔlenw saniya awiyɔn kɔnɔ.
An ye sɛbɛnw dɛsɛ kofɔ sanfɛ bawo jɛkulu minnu tɔɔrɔla EPA ka dankarili laɲinilen fɛ, olu mago bɛna kɛ o kunnafoniw na walasa ka fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw seko dɔn, ka farati minnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw la minnu bɛnnen don (o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka TSCA ka sariyasunba wale nataw kɛ), ani ka foroba hakilinaw labɛn. . An y’a kɔlɔsi ko Ameriki EPA bɛ ka baro kɛ o ko “fɛn wɛrɛ” suguw kan a ka kirisotili sariya sugandilen kɔnɔ, min kɔnɔ, Ameriki EPA ka laɲini bɛ ka kirizotili tali bali diaphragmew la minnu bɛ kɛ kulori-alkali baarakɛyɔrɔ la. EPA sɔnna a ma ko “fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw minnu bɛ kɛ ka asibiti bɛ minnu na, kulori-alkali dilanni na, olu ye perfluoroalkyl ni polyfluoroalkyl fɛnw (PFAS) hakɛ caya ni i y’a suma ni PFAS furakisɛw hakɛ ye minnu bɛ sɔrɔ asibiti bɛ diaphragmes kɔnɔ,” nka a tɛ faratiw ni farati minnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fura wɛrɛw la, olu suma ka taa a fɛ.
Ka fara faratiw kunbɛnni ko minnu fɔra sanfɛ, an dalen b’a la ko Ameriki sigida lakanani baarada ka jateminɛ min kɛra farati minnu bɛ se ka sɔrɔ dikulorometan na, sariya siratigɛ la, danfarabaw bɛ yen hali bi. I n’a fɔ a ɲɛfɔra cogo min na an ka san 2022 nowanburukalo tile 11 sɛbɛn kɔnɔ, EPA bɛ to ka baara kɛ ni san 2018 sɛbɛn ye min tɔgɔ ye ko “Applying Systematic Analysis to TSCA Risk Assessment” (“2018 SR Document”) k’o kɛ a ka wajibiw waleyali basigi ye. O wajibi bɛ baara kɛ ni dɔnniya kunnafoniw ni dɔnniya dalilu ɲumanw ye minnu bɛ sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ a ɲɛfɔlen don cogo min na TSCA sigida 26(h) ani (i) kɔnɔ. Misali la, EPA b’a fɔ a ka sariyasun kɔnɔ min ɲɛsinnen bɛ kuloridi mɛtilɛni ma ko:
EPA b’a jate ko dikuloromɛtan ECEL bɛ dɔnniya ɲuman jira min bɛ sɔrɔ TSCA sigida 26(h) kɔnɔ, bawo a bɔra kunnafoniw na minnu sɔrɔla san 2020 dikuloromɛtan farati jateminɛ na, o min kɛra sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲuman dɔ nɔ ye min kɛra. sɛgɛsɛgɛliw walasa ka kɛnɛyako nɔ jugu minnu bɛ tali kɛ o la, olu dɔn. [a ja jukɔrɔ]
I n’a fɔ an y’a sɛbɛn cogo min na ka tɛmɛ, jamana ka dɔnniya, ɛntɛrinɛti ani furakɛli kalansow (NASEM) ye san 2018 SR sɛbɛn lajɛ EPA ka ɲinini fɛ, ka dantigɛli kɛ ko :
OPPT ka fɛɛrɛ min bɛ tali kɛ sigida lajɛ la, o tɛ tiɲɛ jira ka ɲɛ, [ani] OPPT ka kan k’a ka fɛɛrɛ lajɛ kokura sigida lajɛ la, ka hakilinaw ni ladilikanw jateminɛ minnu bɛ nin kunnafoni in kɔnɔ.
Kalanbagaw hakili jiginna ko TSCA sigida 26(h) b’a ɲini EPA fɛ a ka latigɛw kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni dɔnniya ɲuman ye min bɛ sɔrɔ ka kɛɲɛ ni TSCA sigida 4, 5 ani 6 ye, minnu kɔnɔ, sariyaw ni fɛɛrɛw bɛ sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ seginnkanni sigilenw. Ka fara o kan, EPA ka baara kɛli ni san 2018 SR sɛbɛn ye a ka dikulorometan farati jateminɛ laban na, o fana bɛ siga don EPA ka dɔnniya dalilu wajibiyalenw labatoli la, minnu bɛ TSCA sigida 26(i) kɔnɔ, EPA bɛ min jate “sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo sigilen” ye daliluw kama walima cogo la min bɛ latigɛ. ...”
EPA ye sariya fila minnu sigi senkan TSCA sigida 6(a) kɔnɔ, n’olu ye Kirizotili ni Kloridi Metilɛni ye, olu ye sariyaw sigi EPA ka faratiw kunbɛnni sariyaw labɛnni na kemikɛlifɛnba 10 tɔw kan, EPA b’a jate ko farati minnu tɛ se ka kɛ. Hakilina dɔw bɛ kɛ faratiw jateminɛ laban na. Industri minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni o fɛnw ye, olu ka kan k’u labɛn dankarili nata kama, WCPP, walima waati dantigɛlen bɔli kama min bɛ WCPP labatoli wajibiya. B&C b’a ɲini ko ɲɛmɔgɔw ka kuloridi mɛtilɛni sariyasun sugandilen lajɛ, hali ni kalanbagaw tɛ baara kɛ ni kuloridi metilɛni ye, ani ka hakilina bɛnnenw di, k’a dɔn ko faratiw kunbɛncogo sugandilenw kuloridi mɛtilɛni na, a ka c’a la, olu bɛna kɛ EPA ka sariya nataw dɔ ye. sariyasunba (regulation) min bɛ kɛ. Fura minnu farati jateminɛ laban bɛ kɛ (misali la, 1-bromopropane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,4-dioxane, perchloréthylène ani trichloroéthylène).
Kɔrɔfɔli: K’a sababu kɛ nin kunnafoni kura in cogoya bɛɛ ye, kunnafoni minnu dira yan, olu tɛ se ka kɛ ko bɛɛ la, wa u man kan ka waleya ni sariya ladilikan kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma di i ma ka da i ka ko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kan.
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